The Language Of The Cell :: essays research papers

The Language of The CellThe kiosk is a complex and delicate transcription It can be seen that the cellis the stage where everyday functions such as molecule movement, proteinsynthesis and tissue repair take place. All organelles within the cell ar wellrehearsed in their operations, but an error on an organelles behalf, can sendthe cell and its organelles into panic. The efficiency rate of the cellplummets down to a low level. It does take some time for the dust to settle,and once the scripts ar memorized, the cell is now ready to begin its tasksagain.Since the 19th Century, it was known that each living things, whetherthey were plants or animals, were made up of cells. This whole idea has beengiven credit to an English Physicist, Robert Hook (1635-1703), when he looked ata thin small-arm of cork under powerful hand lens. Hook discovered a large numberof cells. Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902) propounded this idea, that the cell is abasic structure and functional social unit for al l living organisms.A cell can be a wide range of shapes and sizes, although most cells aremicroscopic. Inside a cell membrane, a nucleus can be seen. The nucleus is thecontrol center of the cell. Between the nucleus and the membrane, there is apolysaccharide matrix called the cytoplasm, where organelles can be found. Theorganelles are attached to a framework. The cells cytoskeleton.Every living cell has the ability to detect signals from itsenvironment. The signals are usually in the form of chemic molecules, thatthe cell has learned to recognize. The cell decodes these molecules intomessages, and acts upon them. The cell has a language. Signals and messagesare carried by particles of matter that have a very low energy requirements. there are many, many signals rumbling around the cell. It was thought that thecell would confuse itself in all of that background signal noise. One defenseis available to this question. The cells decoding mechanisms are locateddownstream from the recep tors. They are based on complex chemical reactionsthat take place in the cell membrane and control all the responses of the cellto the messages it receives.Neuropeptides and polypeptide hormones, are made up of complexassemblies of amino acids, aligned in different sequences. In other cases, theamino acids are slightly transformed, as this is the case with well knowntransmitter substances such as epinephrine (adrenaline), dopamine and histamine.Products made in the organelles within the cell, are direct to variousdestinations, both in and out of the cell. The cell has what amounts to a